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The Art and Science of Your Perfect Cup: Brewing Ratios and Grind Size

The Art and Science of Your Perfect Cup: Brewing Ratios and Grind Size

Dec 23, 2024 (Updated on Dec 28, 2024)

By Jeremy, Co-Founder of Freedom Forged Coffee Company

Coffee is one of those simple pleasures that can also be endlessly complex. Over the years, I’ve learned this firsthand—sipping espresso in Italy, café con leche in Spain, and perfecting my French press technique while stationed in Iraq. It was during those moments that coffee became something more than just a beverage; it became an experience. And when the team started talking about launching our own coffee company, it forced me to think about coffee in a whole new way.

In 2017, when we moved to Pennsylvania, I sold my shares in Starbucks (I know, a bit dramatic) and bought a Breville Barista Express. That’s when I truly embraced brewing at home. Sure, I spent nearly $700 on a "fancy" machine, but at least I could save money in the long run—if I could get a consistent shot of espresso. Let’s be honest, it wasn’t easy at first, and my latte art still looks like a 3-year-old’s finger painting, but hey, practice makes progress, right?

Coffee’s versatility is part of its beauty. You can brew a cup with everything from a $15 Walmart drip machine to an elaborate pour-over setup or even a Moka Pot. And yet, no matter how you brew, there are two things we actually have the power to control that can make or break your coffee experience.

Grind Size

Let’s dive into grind size. If you're buying pre-ground coffee, you're already working with a limitation. But when you go for whole beans, you unlock the ability to control the flavor. The grind size can totally transform the way your coffee tastes—whether you’re brewing with a French press, drip machine, or espresso maker. Tailoring your grind to your brewing method is one of the best ways to take your coffee game to the next level.

Why Grind Size Matters

Grind size impacts two key elements: extraction and texture. A finer grind exposes more surface area to water, creating stronger, more concentrated flavors. Coarser grinds slow the extraction, resulting in a smoother, more mellow brew.

Too fine a grind for your brewing method, and you’ll end up with an over-extracted, bitter cup. Too coarse, and your coffee may taste weak or sour. Finding the perfect balance is where the magic happens.

A Grind Guide for Popular Brewing Methods

  • French Press: Coarse (like sea salt) – Rich, bold flavor without over-extraction.
  • Drip Coffee Makers: Medium (like regular sand) – Clean, balanced cup.
  • Espresso Machines: Fine (like powdered sugar) – Full-bodied, strong shot.
  • Pour Over: Medium-Coarse (like rough sand) – Bright and nuanced flavors.
  • Cold Brew: Coarse (pebble-like) – Sweet, low-acid flavors over time.
Coffee Grind Size Guide

The Joy of Experimentation

When I started testing grind sizes, it was all about simplicity. I bought a $10 kitchen scale and a Mr. Coffee machine and set to work. Measuring water and coffee in grams felt unfamiliar at first, but it opened my eyes to how small tweaks could dramatically change the outcome. After weeks of testing ratios with my Mr. Coffee drip machine, I finally landed on my personal favorite: 1:14. It’s bold, balanced, and delivers the perfect kick to start my day.

“Jeremy 1:14 – And lo, the beans were measured and the waters poured, for a brew so bold was decreed: one part coffee to fourteen parts water, that none should slumber, and all shall awaken with strength. ☕”

Okay, maybe I got carried away. But in all seriousness, nailing down your ratio feels like finding a little piece of coffee nirvana.

Brewing Ratios – The Foundation of Your Perfect Cup

Now that we've talked grind size, let's touch on the importance of brewing ratios. Ratios are the key to achieving that ideal balance between coffee strength and flavor. Too little coffee, and your brew will be weak; too much, and it might taste overpowered or bitter.

We’ll dive deeper into specific ratios for each brewing method in an upcoming post, but for now, here's a general rule of thumb:

  • French Press: 1:15 – One part coffee to 15 parts water.
  • Drip Coffee Makers: 1:17 – One part coffee to 17 parts water.
  • Espresso: 1:2 – One part coffee to two parts water.
  • Pour Over: 1:16 – One part coffee to 16 parts water.
  • Cold Brew: 1:8 – One part coffee to 8 parts water.

Experimenting with different ratios is one of the most rewarding parts of brewing coffee. The right ratio can elevate your coffee experience, so don't be afraid to play around and find what works best for you.

For the Keurig Crowd

If you’re a Keurig user, you’re not left out of the grind game. Many coffee lovers are turning to reusable K-Cups to cut down on waste and enjoy fresher, better-tasting brews. With our ground coffee, you can easily fill a reusable K-Cup and take control of your coffee experience.

Tips for the Perfect K-Cup Brew:

  • Grind Size: Use a medium grind, similar to what you’d use for a drip coffee maker. Too fine, and it could clog the K-Cup; too coarse, and the brew may come out weak.
  • Fill Level: Don’t overfill the K-Cup. Leave a little space at the top to allow water to flow evenly through the grounds.
  • Brew Strength: Experiment with your Keurig’s settings to find your preferred strength. Start with the 8 oz option for a richer cup and adjust as needed.
  • Freshness Matters: Use freshly ground coffee for the best flavor. If you’re using pre-ground coffee, store it in an airtight container to preserve its aroma and taste.

Reusable K-Cups let you enjoy the convenience of single-serve brewing without compromising on flavor or contributing to waste. It’s a small step that makes a big difference—for your coffee and the planet.

Final Thoughts

Grind size is one of the simplest yet most impactful ways to improve your coffee. Whether you prefer a French press, drip maker, or espresso machine, experimenting with grind sizes and ratios can bring out the best in your beans.

Start with the basics:

  • Get a consistent grinder (a burr grinder, if possible).
  • Pair the grind size with your brewing method.
  • Experiment with brewing ratios to find your perfect cup (we’ll break this down in more detail in an upcoming post).
  • Don’t be afraid to tweak and taste—your perfect cup is waiting to be discovered.

Have you found a grind size or brewing method that changed your coffee game? Share your experiences in the comments, and let’s keep the coffee conversation brewing!

Comments 3

  • Joe S • 3 weeks ago

    Watched and listened this morning (1.7) on Mark’s broadcast. This is GREAT material, Jeremy. It lines up with what I’ve been researching and taught over the years. (Learned to drink coffee in NOLA while working as LEO and studying theology – late nights and too much reading/writing.) Live in Texas now and grind my own (burr) from Ruta Maya espresso beans and foam HWC for fat content and buy small batches for freshness. Will certainly follow up with an order for dark roast soon. Thanks for sharing with the community this morning!

  • Christina Szczepanik • 3 weeks ago

    Jeremy, I watched your presentation on MarkZ’s show today and have a question. I love coffee but am very sensitive to caffeine. Can you please step up your production timetable on a caffeine-free coffee and let me know if you are considering a mushroom-flavored coffee? I like the health benefits. Thank you!

  • Lisa J • 4 weeks ago

    Lots of great info Jeremy! Your passion for coffee is evident and has definitely piqued my interest in good coffee again! Thank you!

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